Functional Skills †Literacy Letter Writing Essay

I have a place with a gathering called ‘Community Concern’. We as a gathering give volunteers to network ventures. I have as of late observed the advert in the neighborhood paper about the old bus stop being redeveloped and our gathering have all concluded that we might want to elect to tidy up the zone before the work begins We have our very own ton hardware, and we do flexibly things for this, for example, Planting gear; †¢ Shovels †¢ Lawn movers †¢ Chainsaws †¢ Rakes †¢ Garden Forks †¢ Hedge trimmers and †¢ Leaf blowers General hardware; †¢ Buckets †¢ Yard brushes †¢ Paint †¢ Litter Pickers †¢ Gloves In any case, in spite of the fact that we do give this hardware there is on essential thing that we may require from the neighborhood chamber and that is a jump to place all the waste materials into once we’re finished with it. I feel this would be something we could talk about sometime in the not too distant future. Our gathering Community Concern are focused on improving the presence of the neighborhood we feel that this task will fortify the network and possibly carry new individuals into the neighborhood. Our Volunteers invest wholeheartedly in the work that they complete and are an advantage for the gathering. They have finished various redesign ventures throughout the years, the latest being the re-beautification of the relaxation place half a month back. I might want to thank you from us all at Community Concern for setting aside the effort to peruse this letter. What's more, will leave you with our contact number with the expectation that it is conceivable to set up a gathering to examine all the issues I have raised today and ideally to settle a few subtleties and begin arranging the work!

The Marine Corps Information Assurance Program Essay Example for Free

The Marine Corps Information Assurance Program Essay Program looks to improve the abilities of the Marines in their insight into the utilization of Information Technology so as to encourage the exchange of data starting with one point then onto the next and guaranteeing that the information assembled or transmitted is gotten in acceptable hands, safe from interruption of others that may block the information. The unwavering quality of the information and its source is likewise placed into question with this program as it tries to support the clandestineness of the data passed that has something to do with the National Security. (SHEA, 2001) In attempting to accomplish this, the Marines would need to redesign the innovation they have and simultaneously, achieve the information required all together for the Marines to work the framework appropriately. The Marines understands the danger of having data progression as a type of correspondence and it looks to dodge the conceivable assault on its data doors. Besides, the Marines would need the innovation for information and data exchange to be made sure about consistently to rush the spread of data. Another explanation is that the Marines believe that it would be much simpler and quicker for them to spread information and data on late assaults instead of the enduring techniques. Notwithstanding that, the marines additionally want to make sure about structures that have the data with the goal that when the requirement for the data emerges, they would have the capacity to get the data required at a quicker rate. Different dangers that the Marines anticipate is the conceivable devastating of the data scattering by which the Unit may understanding in the event that they are not rehearsing the development innovation wherein they can be prepared to do. The data circle would be handily disabled with the demolition of structures that are identified with the knowledge assembling that the Marines are experiencing. Besides, the danger of different people’s prying eyes with the Marines utilization of the Internet ought to be forestalled all together for the Marines to work calmly and out of the amazing insight and forces of reasoning that are utilized by individuals these days. With the end goal for them to accomplish only that, the Marines would need to rehearse expressions of the human experience of working an arrangement of the Internet that would be fit for the transmission of the data in a clandestine way, helping them work under the observation of individuals. Other than that, the Marines would likewise need the updating of the framework and utilization of cutting edge working frameworks in which they can openly pass data in the Information Superhighway. Returning to the guideline, the mandate plans to help the Marines in their undertaking to pass data in an undercover manner conceivable, with the goal for them to have a sense of safety of the data that they go to each other; Strengthen the lines of data trade in which the Marines would have the option to spread orders like this in a manner that is secure for passing gatherings; set up a potential arrangement of rules in which the Marines would have the option to gauge the quality of their Information Assurance Capabilities; Establish a decent and secure structure of the safety efforts on the strategy for correspondence utilized, with the end goal for them to completely know when a person or thing is spilling out; audit and update the current strategies of security utilized in the data scattering so as to rate the framework and change it for the improvement of the security and speed; utilization of the innovation of the Internet and the Information Exchange in which the Marines would be given direct encounters so they might have the option to comprehend the abilities of utilizing such methods; build up the clients so that every realize the obligations appointed to them and know about the presence of the program; experience preparing for pioneers in which they may know the degree of their forces and the core of the procedures in question; identify unapproved exercises and identification of potential defects in the framework that should be enhanced; lastly to set up the preparation of the Marines to the type of correspondence that they utilize through trainings. These destinations involve the objectives at which the framework would need to be founded on. Without one, the Marines would need to be confused in their charges in which they need to comprehend the full estimation of what they are doing and why there entrusted to do this. II. Corporate Impact The guideline of the Unit to consent to the company’s mandate would need to be observed routinely with the goal for it to succeed. The Marines would need to check consistently with the goal for them to comprehend the estimation of the program. The pioneers ought to likewise have the option to check the potential slips by in the security that should have been changed all together for the entire unit to be heavily influenced by the mandate. Doing so would not just assistance the program to achieve its objective, yet in addition to prepare the Marines in various breaches of plans that may leave deliver case. Notwithstanding that, the pioneers would need to screen the soldiers consistently with the end goal for them to understand the advancement that their group is making. This program has no space for relaxing with the goal for them to comprehend the gravity of the order. The lower level Marines would need to comprehend the genuine estimation of the sifted data in which they would have utilization of sometime in the not so distant future. Normal trainings and memories are additionally required all together for the more elevated level authorities to get the criticism at which the Marines experience the changes. Data Assurance is a serious deal that they should stress for the least of the failures that would occur while they are in order. The educational structure of the Marines would not need to change as long as the pioneers of every part comprehend what they are doing. Consistent Vigilance ought to be firm on the brain of everybody as this can be the least of their affirmation that they are in reality paying attention to the issue. From the comprehension of this, the pioneers would need to know about the advancement made by their subordinates in which they comprehend the program. Inability to do so would imply that the pioneer isn't carrying out his responsibility appropriately and it would think about extraordinarily their bosses. On the off chance that a Marine lieutenant has any issues with the program, he should require the exhortation of a predominant in regards to the issue.

Research in the Mood Free Essays

http://dnsc. the scholarly world. edu/ennelgArugal Final Paper in PA 231 Public Fiscal Administration Glenne B. We will compose a custom paper test on Research in the Mood or on the other hand any comparative theme just for you Request Now Lagura Gaming || Gambling (Philippine Amusement and Gaming Corporation †PAGCor) Submitted to: DR. ANTONIO M. FAUNILLIAN JR. , MPA Instructor Submitted by: Glenne B. Lagura UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHEASTERN PHILIPPINES BO. OBRERO, DAVAO CITY College of Governance and Business Master of Public Administration April 10, 2012 1 Glenne B. Lagura Outline: I. Presentation a) b) c) d) Background of PAGCor Board of Directors Management PAGCor’s Operational Highlights ? Wellsprings of PAGCor’s pay ? PAGCor’s profit ? PAGCor’s commitment to country building II. Conversation a) Where does PAGCor’s pay go? b) Corporate Social Responsibilities of PAGCor III. Examinations a) Social Problems b) Reduce Revenue? c) PAGCor: Problems and Challenges ? Unlawful becomes Legal ? Mindful or Unaware? or on the other hand Aware to be Unaware? ? Institutional Problems d) Anomalies ? Regulate†¦ Authorize†¦ WATCHED! ? Is betting a reviled? e) Corruptions f) Recent Issues IV. Potential Solutions and Recommendations a) b) c) d) e) Maintain the Status Quo; PAGCOR to focus on its administrative capacity; Privatization; Abolish and close PAGCOR; and Formulated arrangements from an investigation. V. VI. End References 2 I. Presentation A. Foundation of PAGCor The job and effect of Government-Owned and Control Corporation (GOCC) on the financial situation of the administration and the economy keep on being noteworthy right up 'til today. In spite of changes embraced previously, as per the Commission on Audit, there stay around one hundred thirty three GOCCs working in the zones of agribusiness, transportation, framework, open utilities, arrangement of lodging, mechanical turn of events and fund. The dreary presentation of a large number of these enterprises has added to the financial deficiencies of the open division. As characterized under PD 2029, GOCC is â€Å"a stock or a non-stock organization, in the case of performing administrative or exclusive capacities, which is legitimately sanctioned by unique law or, whenever sorted out under the general enterprise law, is claimed or constrained by the legislature straightforwardly or in a roundabout way through a parent partnership or auxiliary company, the degree of in any event a larger part of its exceptional capital stock or of its remarkable democratic capital stock. † Philippine Amusement and Gaming Corporation (PAGCor) is a 100 percent government-claimed and controlled partnership. It was built up to manage all rounds of chance in the nation. It was made in 1977 to supervise the activity of gaming club, to produce assets for the government’s formative ventures, to advance the travel industry in the nation, and to help control unlawful betting. PAGCor had an underlying approved capital supply of P5 million which was later expanded to P200 million. PAGCor is approved to obtain cash from nearby or remote sources. Half of PAGCor’s profit are dispatched to the Bureau of the Treasury (BOT) to be utilized in projects and undertakings as coordinated and approved by the Office of the President of the Philippines. This is beside the commanded recipients which get financing from PAGCor. Its residual supports structure some portion of the Social Fund to back foundation or potentially socio-city ventures. The Corporation was made during the Martial Law years by uprightness of a Presidential Decree (PD 1067-A) because of requires the Philippine Government to end the developing expansion of illicit gambling club tasks in different pieces of the nation at that point. The law making PAGCor was later changed and combined by PD 1896 also called the PAGCor Charter. Under this Charter, PAGCOR is ordered to: ? Control, approve and permit rounds of possibility, rounds of cards and rounds of numbers, especially gambling club gaming in the Philippines; ? Create incomes for the Philippine Government’s socio-municipal and national improvement programs; and ? Help advance the Philippine the travel industry. In June 2007, Republic Act 9847 was passed by the Philippine Congress, expanding the corporate existence of the state-show gaming firm to 25 years, sustainable for an additional 25 years. It likewise endorsed the accompanying corrections to the PAGCor Charter: 3 ? ? ? ? PAGCor can go into understandings including joint endeavor, with any individual, firm, affiliation or enterprise; Requirements to acquire assent of the nearby government authority that has regional purview over the zone picked as site for any PAGCor’s tasks; Exclusion of jai alai from PAGCor tasks; and Delimitation of administrative position and control over gaming exercises secured by other existing establishments, administrative bodies or unique laws. By and by, PAGCor is the third biggest income creating arm of the administration close to the BIR and the Bureau of Customs. From January to November 2011, PAGCor created net income of P33. 15 billion, P15. 51 billion of which was directed to huge scope socio-city programs. B. Top managerial staff The Board of Directors is made out of five (5) individuals, three (3) of whom will originate from the administration division and will be named by the President of the Philippines and the other two (2) will originate from the private area who own at any rate 1 portion of stock in the partnership and will be chosen by the investors of the organization in the yearly regular gathering or in an extraordinary gathering called for such reason. Every Director will serve for a term of one (1) year and until his replacement will have been appropriately qualified and selected. C. The board PAGCor is overseen by its Chief Executive Officer who is the simultaneous Chairman of the Board. He is helped by PAGCor’s President and simultaneous Chief Operating Officer, a Vice-President for Administration, and different division heads. 134 Personnel the executives strategies set by the Board of Directors administer the employing of work force. All representatives of the gambling clubs and related administrations are delegated â€Å"confidential† deputies and their work is excluded from the arrangements of the Labor Code or any of its executing rules and guidelines. Thusly, worker associations or any type of representative affiliations are not permitted to be framed to guarantee consistent and continuous support of its clients. D. PAGCor’s Operational Highlights PAGCor is occupied with the matter of gaming and is the main substance diversified by the legislature to work gambling clubs in the nation. Its significant product offerings comprise of table games, gaming machines, and chip washing. It likewise offers web gaming, web sports wagering, and bingo and gambling machine demo units. Universally perceived games like Baccarat, Black Jack, Roulette, Craps, Big Small, Pai Gow Poker, Stud Poker, Pontoon, and Super 6 are accessible in its Casino Filipino branches. Beside table games and gambling machines, PAGCor has additionally extended its tasks to incorporate the direct and guideline of bingo games as it grows the picture of Casino Filipino from a gaming setting into a vehicle for healthy amusement for the entire family. 4 With every one of those line of business exchanges, PAGCor is set to maintain its olicy by continually updating and utilizing a best in class innovation to make it at standard with the top gaming goals of the world as it places energetically its vision of turning out to be â€Å"A Global Corporation with a Global Mindset and a Filipino Heart. † ? Wellsprings of PAGCor’s Income PAGCor infers heft of its salary from the rewards of the gaming , gambling machine and in-house bingo activities of its distinctive club branches. The enterprise additionally gets significant profit from different sources like its other managed gaming exercises, for example, private authorized club, poker activities, business bingo tasks, E-games and others. PAGCor’s income PAGCor is the Philippine government third biggest income creating arm, close to the Bureau of Internal Revenue (BIR) and the Bureau of Customs (BOC). From the time the administration went into the direct management’s and oversight of gambling club tasks in 1986 up to December 31 2010, PAGCor produced an amazing gross incomes of P355. 575 billion. ? PAGCor’s commitments to country working Of the P355. 775 billion absolute incomes in the course of the most recent 25 years, PAGCor’s commitments to country building added up to P203. 646 billion, which included 57% of the agency’s net profit during the period. These commitments were as settlements to the BIR and the National Treasury which went straightforwardly to government coffers for subsidizing expansive and wide-running national; the Philippines Sports Commission for the preparation of the country’s national competitors in universal games and in developing Philippine games at the grassroots; the Board of Claims to offer equity to the individuals who were wrongly denounced or indicted; several network improvement projects of across the country executed through the endeavors of PAGCor’s gambling club have urban areas which get an offer from the corporation’s incomes; and the Presidents Social Fund which has been tapped to back high effect projects, for example, development of school bui8ldings, arrangement of consumable water frameworks in the open country, and financing of job programs for the underestimated segments of society, among others. II. Conversations 5 A. Where does PAGCor’s pay go? As per its Cha rter, PAGCor’s salary is appropriated in the accompanying way: ? ? ? ? ? % of net rewards goes to the BIR as establishment charge; half of the 95% parity goes to the National Treasury as the National Government’s ordered pay share; 1% of the net money pay goes to the Board of Claims, an office under the Department of Justice, which redresses

Controversial Essay Topics - Things You Should Know

Controversial Essay Topics - Things You Should KnowFor many students, academic writing is probably the most popular and most in-demand subject matter today. For those who work on these kinds of essays, one of the most popular topics are controversial essay topics. So what is a controversial essay topic?What is the most important aspect of the topic that you will be dealing with? Do you know? Of course you do!One of the most important elements of the topic that you will need to think about is whether or not you have any expertise in the subject. If you don't have much expertise in the topic, then you are going to have to use your own expertise and thoughts to write on the topic. This is a lot more difficult than you might think.For example, some of the most controversial essay topics are black and white issues. This is because many people actually believe that these topics are most important, while others believe that it is not as important as it should be. For a person who is writing on these topics, the key is to make sure that you have enough information in a way that makes sense to the reader.If you want to know if you have the necessary expertise, then it will help if you have already written a thesis statement for the subject. This will give you a very concrete statement about what the topic is.The same concept applies for topics that deal with politics. This includes whether or not the topic is very important or not. For instance, if the topic is money and business, you may think that it is very important because of the influence of the business world.Lastly, the controversial essay topics are determined by the subject that you are writing on. If you are writing on a very important topic like politics, then you are going to have to incorporate a lot of controversial topics into your thesis statement. Just because it is controversial does not mean that it is not important!

The Physics of Basketball Essay - 1466 Words

The Physics of Basketball The NBA playoffs are making the headlines all over. Every news channel, sports channel, and newspaper has a story about the big games. Everyone is making bets as to who will be the big champions. Will it be the defending champions, Los Angeles Lakers, or will it possibly be one of the underdogs. This is the most intensive time of year for basketball fans as they watch the teams battle out the game. Up and down the court, the turnovers, rebounds, fast breaks, and most of all the baskets make the games exciting. But have you ever wondered how these things happen? What enables the basketball to bounce, how does Kobe Bryant fly through the air, and why does the ball rotate backwards as it leaves a shooter’s†¦show more content†¦This happens because kinetic energy is not conserved. The energy is wasted in deforming the ball as it hits the surface creating an inelastic collision. For the best bounce you want a highly pressurized ball. The other factor that determines the quality of the bounce is the surface that the ball is bounced on. The harder the surface the more elastic the collision will be creating a useful bounce. Why doesn’t a ball bounce very well off of a soft surface such as carpet? A soft surface will create an inelastic collision in which the energy is not conserved. A hard surface is also needed to produce an effective bounce. In order to use your teammates while playing basketball, one must pass the ball to them. Most passes are hard and fast, but the impact of a hard pass can be lessened if caught appropriately. A ball coming at you has momentum. Momentum is equal to mass * velocity (mv) so if the ball is coming fast it will have more momentum. Since mass * velocity = force * time, then the total force or impact of the pass will be (mass*velocity) / time. From this equation we can determine that the force will decrease as time increases. By increasing the time over which the ball is decelerated, you can lessen the force of the hard pass (Kirkpatrick, 106-107). Another question that lingers in my mind is how does Kobe Bryant fly through the air. Does he have some God given power that allows him to do so? Actually this can alsoShow MoreRelatedPhysics of Basketball640 Words   |  3 PagesPhysics takes part in our everyday lives without us even recognizing it. In simple every day functions like when we walk, how our vehicles function properly, and even how we play sports. We go on each day with no recognition of physics until it is pointed out to us. The concept of physics is the study of fundamental structures and interactions in the physical universe. We learn physics to get a better understanding of the universe and the objects in it (Ostdiek). Now, that I have given you a briefRead More The Physics of Basketball Essay1350 Words   |  6 PagesThe Physics of Basketball The more and more I look around I begin to see how physics are integrated into practically everything that we do. These things would surely go unnoticed without making a conscious effort to notice them. For example simple things like riding a bike, or driving a car, or playing catch with a son or daughter. Just as these activities are loaded with elements of physics, sports are also, especially basketball. Physics play a part in every aspect of the game, from dribblingRead More The Physics of Basketball Essay1950 Words   |  8 PagesThe Physics of Basketball There are many aspects to the game of basketball and physics can be applied to all of them. Although to be good at basketball it is not necessary to play it from a physics point of view. Basketball players become good by developing muscle memory for the actions that must be performed in the game of basketball from years of practice. Nevertheless knowing some of the physics in the game of basketball can help a good player be a better player. In this paper I will coverRead More The Physics of Basketball Essay1832 Words   |  8 PagesThe Physics of Basketball Introduction Any child can pick up a basketball, bounce it a few times, and throw it at the hoop without realizing the complex physics he is involving himself in. However, a greater understanding of the sport can be gained by applying the principles of physics to these actions. Through this paper I will be examining the physics of dribbling and shooting. For the equations, I will use a standard men’s basketball with a mass of 25 oz. (0.7 kg) and a diameter of 9.39†Read More Physics of Basketball Essay1867 Words   |  8 Pagesgreatest game of all time. 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I had to pass an entrance exam to get into a good school for 8th grade at a time when most students in my town would drop out of school after 7th grade in order to search for work and support their families. Read MoreBasketball Vs. Basketball822 Words   |  4 PagesThese were the exact words of basketball hall of famer Michael Jordan, a person who can be debated as the greatest basketball player ever. This quote means more than just how to be successful in basketball; it means that making mistakes is part of the journey to a prosperous life, but not taking chances strays from the path to success. In today’s world, people have to be competitive to succeed in anything. The formula for both a â€Å"good† life and successful basketball career requires many similar thingsRead MoreReflection Essay902 Words   |  4 Pagesfiber of my mind and body are like a magnet captivated by the enlightening content embedded in the pages. It is a powerful feeling that piques my curiosity to its fullest. And it has continued to grow ever since I sat down on the first day of my AP Physics 1 class– September 2, 2015 – in room 3-202. I still vividly remember the inquisitive young boy I was in that class, each day always eager and excited to open the door and enter this sacred place that promoted intellectual freedom and truth: a rigorous

Role of Women in India Freedom - 5428 Words

INTRODUCTION We record our homage and deep admiration for the Womanhood of India who in the hour of peril for the motherland forsook the shelter of their homes and with unfailing courage and endurance stood shoulder to shoulder with their menfolk, in the frontline of India’s national army to share with them the sacrifices and triumphs of the struggle†. From a Resolution passed on January 26, 1931. When the history of Indias fight for Independence comes to be written, the sacrifice made by the women of India will occupy the foremost place - Mahatma GandhiJawaharlal Nehru had remarked, when most of the men-folk were in prison then a remarkable thing happened. Our women came forward and took charge of the struggle. Women had always been†¦show more content†¦His response to her fiery speech brought into her life the impact of a visionary who saw in her oratory and brilliance a leader of the future. The period from 1917 to 1919 was the most dynamic phase of Sarojinis career. During this time, she campaigned for the Montagu Chelmsford Reforms, the Khilafat issue, the draconian Rowlett Act and the Satyagraha. When Gandhi launched the Civil Disobedience Movement ,she proved a faithful lieutenant. With great courage she quelled the rioters, sold proscribed literature, addressed frenzied meetings on the carnage at Jallianwala Bagh in Amritsar.In 1930 when Mahatma Gandhi chose her to lead the Salt Satyagraha the stories of her courage became legion. After Gandhis arrest she had prepared 2,000 volunteers under the scorching sun to raid the Dahrsana Salt Works, while the police faced them half a mile up the road with rifle, lathis (canes) are steel tipped clubs. The volunteers wildly cheered when she shook off the arm of the British police officer who came to arrest her and marched proudly to the barbed wire stockade where she was interned before being imprisoned. 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Corporations and Business Structures Principles and Issues

Question: Describe about the Corporations and Business Structures for Principles and Issues. Answer: Introduction In the present case, it has been decided by the clients that there is start a new business. However the clients are not certain that the business structure will be more suitable for their new venture. Some of the business structures that are commonly used in Australia are sole trader, partnership, corporation and a joint venture. Therefore in the present case, in order to decide the most appropriate business structure, certain questions have been asked from the client and on the basis of these answers, recommendations can be made regarding the business structure that will be most suitable for the clients. Part I: Series of Questions 1: The new business will be joined by how many persons? The new business will be joined by 3/4 persons. But it is worth mentioning that it is expected that very soon, some other persons may also join it afterwards. Therefore, it is very important that the business structure adopted by us allows these other persons to join the business later on. 2: what is the nature of new business? In this case, we have decided to start the car valet service in the university. 3: To which sector of the industry, the new business belongs? The new business that we are going to start comes under the service sector. 4: Do you know that different types of benefits are available in case of different types of business structures? No, we don't know that each business structure has different advantages and disadvantages. 5: Do you want limited liability regarding the debts of the new business? Yes, we are looking for limited liability. We want that our liability in the new business should be limited to the sum that we have invested. Due to this reason, we don't want that our personal assets should also be liable for the debts of the new business. 6: How will you arrange funds for the new business. Similarly in case you want to expand the business later on, how will you manage the funds? To start a new business, some of the funds required for this purpose will be arranged from our personal resources but at the same time, they are also looking to raise funds from other sources like a loan from the bank. 7: Do you want any particular benefit from the business structure that is adopted by you? Answer: yes in this case, it is very important that whatever business structure the select for starting our new business, we should not be held personally liable for its debts and liabilities. Therefore the particular benefit that they are looking for, from the business structure adopted by us is that our personal assets remain safe from the debts of the business. What Strategies have been adopted by you? We have adopted the strategy of adopting consumer centric approach. We will strive to provide best services to the consumers. Part II: Relevant Laws After going through the answers that have been given by the clients regarding their requirements from the business structure that they should adopt for the new business, it appears that in this case, the most suitable business structure will be of the incorporation of the company. Liabilities of the business As compared to the creation of a partnership, the incorporation of a company will provide a number of benefits, particularly the benefits like the limited liability of the clients and also the ease of raising capital for the new business.[1] It is very significant that the business structure adopted by the clients is the most suitable business structure for them. At the same time, if the clients fail to adopt the most suitable business structure for starting the new business, it will become difficult for them to manage the business successfully.[2] In this part of the assignment, the relevant law has been researched so that the most suitable business structure can be decided. i) It is advisable that the clients should choose the incorporation of a company in order to start a new business. ii) The other option is to create a partnership. As the persons who were going to start the business, are more than two, it is not possible for them to run it as a sole trader. Hence, in case of the sole trader, only one person is considered as the owner of the business. But in the present case, all these persons will be the owners of the new business. Partnership i) Therefore if the parties are not interested in the creation of a company, they can form a partnership as in this case, all the persons will be considered as the joint owners of the business.[3] However as mentioned above, the most suitable business structure will be that of a company. There are certain advantages that are associated with the formation of a company. For example, a fictitious legal entity is created in the eyes of law after the incorporation of a company. Similarly, after the company is created, according to the law, the company has a distinct identity, that is separate from the identity of the shareholders and the directors of the company. The reason is that the law provides that company is a fictitious legal person and has its own identity in the eyes of the law. ii) Due to this legal fiction, the law provides that a corporation can sue and be sued under its own name. As mentioned above, in the present case the parties have the option to incorporated company or to form a partnership.[4] Hence, in order to decide which will be the most appropriate business sector of the platoon, it is required that the law related with the formation of a company and also that of a partnership needs to be discussed. Such legal research can aid in finding suitable business structure. iii) On the comparison of the business structure of a company and a partnership, it can be said that the registration of a corporation has certain benefits that are not available in case of a partnership. The major advance the available in case of registration of a company is that of the limited liability of the parties. In this case, the company is considered to have its own legal identity. In view of this position under the law, a company can enter into contracts in its own name. Similarly, a company can also buy and sell property.[5] iv) Consequently, the company enjoys its own rights and liabilities. This provides a major advantage as in case of the failure of the business, the investors are not held personally liable regarding these debts. v) The result is that the investors have a major benefit available in case they decide to register a company. Consequently when a company has been formed by the investors, their personal assets are not at risk, even if the business of the company fails. In the same way, the investors also have another benefit available on the registration of a company and this benefit is related with the tax payable by the parties.[6] Therefore, in case of a corporation, corporate tax has to be paid. On the other hand, the individuals like sole traders and partners are required to pay income tax. There is a difference present between the rates of these two types of taxes. Therefore, corporate tax is charged at a lower rate as against income tax. Similarly, while the profit generated by the company is considered as the income of the corporation but in case of a partnership, the profit earned by the trade is treated as a personal income of the parties. vi) But the result of the relevant law reveals that there are certain disadvantages present in case of the incorporation of company. The first disadvantages that the process of registration of a company is more complex as compared to the creation of a partnership. Likewise, it is also costlier to register the company than the formation of a partnership. vii) A large number of obligations have been imposed on the corporations.[7] These obligations have been imposed by the Corporations Act, 2001. At the same time, a number of obligations have also been imposed by the ASIC that have to be followed by the listed companies. For instance, obligations have been imposed on the corporations in Australia regarding the maintenance of records. Similarly, there are certain disclosure obligations to various authorities that have to be followed by the corporations in Australia. The Corporations Act also describes a number of duties for the directors. The reason behind the intervention of these duties is to ensure good corporate governance and also to provide safety to the investors. viii) In order to achieve this purpose, civil and criminal penalties have been imposed by the Act on the directors if there is a breach of duty by the directors. Therefore in case of a serious breach of duty, the Act provides that even criminal penalties can also be imposed. On the other hand, the legislation governing a partnership is the Partnership Act. This Act provides that a partnership is formed when two or more persons start a business jointly and with a view to earn profit. It has also been provided by this legislation that the number of partners can go up to 20 persons even if there are certain exceptions to this rule.[8] Usually a partnership is created by using the written agreement but the law provides that a partnership can be created orally also. The partnership agreement provides the rights and duties of the partners. Therefore, it is easier to decide the rights of the partners if a patent agreement is concluded between the parties. But a partnership does not enjoy the benefit of separate legal identity and the limited liability of its owners. In the same way, or the partners are considered as being jointly and severally liable for the debts of the partnership business. Therefore, if the partnership business fails, even the personal assets of the partners are liable. Part III: Recommendations i) On the basis of the situation of the clients, certain recommendations have been made to the clients regarding the most appropriate business structure that fulfills their needs. ii) These recommendations have been made after analyzing the answers given by the clients to the questions asked about and also on the basis of the research conducted regarding the laws that deal with corporations and partnerships. The reason is that these are the two business structures that can be adopted by the clients. iii) In the present case, the recommendation that can be made to the clients is that the most appropriate business structure, that can fulfill their needs will be that of a company. Therefore, the clients should opt for the registration of a company in order to establish the new business. iv) On the other hand, the parties cannot go for sole trader business structure because there are 3 to 4 persons who want to start the new business and all these persons want an equal share in the management of the business. Therefore the other option available to them is the formation of a partnership. v) But as in this case, the clients want that they should get the benefit of limited liability regarding the debts and liabilities of the business and their personal assets should not be liable for the debts of the business. At the same time, the answers given by the clients also revealed that they are also looking for tax benefits, to be provided by the new business structure adopted by them.[9] vi) Consequently if the clients decide to register a company for starting their new business, they will have to pay tax at the rate of corporate tax. On the other hand, they will have to face income tax on the profit made by them. As corporate tax is charged at a lesser rate as compared to the income tax, a significant tax benefit will be available to the clients in case they decide to incorporate a company. vii) Another requirement of the clients is that they want to adopt such a flexible business structure in which other persons can also join easily. In this case also, the business section of a corporation will be more suitable. Many persons can join the company easily. Apart from these benefits, the business structure of a registered company will also provide a benefit in the form of raising capital for the business. viii) It is easier for the company to raise funds as compared to an individual or a partnership. The business structure of a corporation also shows the seriousness of the owners of the business in managing the affairs of the business.[10] ix) Another benefit that is available in case of a corporation is that of perpetual succession. According to the law, a company continues to exist even after the members of the company had decided to quit the business. As a company has its own separate existence, it is not affected by the death or retirement of the members. But this is not the case with the partnership. A partnership comes to an end when any one member of the partnership decides to leave the business. x) It is also worth mentioning that although a complex process is involved in the registration of a company and at the same time, as compared to a partnership, the cost of the registration of the company is also highe and the cost of compliance is also hiring case of a company but all these costs can be considered as future investment of business. Therefore if a company has been registered, a number of benefits will be available, which will not be available in case of the other business structures. As mentioned above, these benefits include the benefit of limited liability, due to which the clients will not be concerned regarding the safety of their personal assets as their liability will be confined to the investment made by them in the company. Bibliography Austin, RP Ramsay, IM 2013, Ford's principles of corporations law, 15th edn, LexisNexis Butterworths, Chatswood, New South Wales Baxt, R, Fletcher, K Fridman, S 2008, Corporations and associations: cases and materials, 10th edn, LexisNexis, Butterworths, Sydney, New South Wales Ciro, T, Symes, C 2009,Corporations law: in principle, 8th edn, Thomson Reuters (Professional) Australia, Pyrmont, NSW Fletcher, KL 2007, The law of partnership in Australia, 9th edn, Lawbook Co, Pyrmont, New South Wales. Gooley, J, Russell, D, Dicker, M, Zammit, M, 2011,Corporations and associations law: principles and issues, (LexisNexis Butterworths, Chatswood, NSW) Harris, J, Hargovan, A Adams, M, 2013, Australian corporate law, 4th edn, LexisNexis Butterworths, Chatswood, New South Wales Krever, R, 2006, Mastering law studies and law exam techniques, LexisNexis Butterworths, Chatswood, New South Wales Lindgren, KE, 2011,Vermeesch and Lindgren's Business law of Australia, (LexisNexis Butterworths, Chatswood, NSW Sweeney, B, OReilly, J Coleman, A, 2013, Law in Commerce, 6th edn 2015, Australian Corporations Legislation, LexisNexis Butterworths/CCH Sweeney, BJ, O'Reilly, J, Coleman, A,Law in commerce, (LexisNexis Butterworths, Chatswood, NSW, 2013) 559-580

My Acquaintance With Africa Essays - Islam And Women, Kadra Yusuf

My Acquaintance With Africa My Acquaintance With Africa I thought I knew enough about Africa, this wonderful and strange continent with a hot tropical climate and a wealthy nature, which is populated by many different nations and tribes. I saw many movies, mostly about African nature and often read newspapers or magazines about frequent wars and economical problems. But I never made acquaintance with people who originated from Africa. Thus, it was really interesting to talk, even if a little to my classmate Kadra, who not long ago, two years, came here from the small East African country Djibouti. I was interested in how she has lived and thought and what problems have worried this young, beautiful black woman. In the period of two years, since I came from Ukraine and have lived in Chicago, I have known six or seven Afro-Americans. Although we worked together we had never talked about their problems. Maybe, it isn't done among the black people, all the more among the Americans. So, I really know nothing about native Africans. No wonder I always thought they are very poor, not well educated and cut away from world civilization. It was a big surprise when Kadra told me that she finished high-school in her motherland and what's more in French, which is the second, after her native Arabic, official language in Djibouti. Kadra speaks English sufficiently, clearly expresses her thoughts and doesn't stop to find the suitable words as I often do. She plans to continue going to college in order to get a degree in English, find a better job and probably go back to motherland where she can teach English to her compatriots. Of course, Kadra told me about her native country Djibouti, which I know nothing about. It is a beautiful country located on the East coast of Africa, on the shore of the Red Sea. The territory, divided into a low coastal plain, with mountains behind, and an interior plateau, is arid, sandy, and desolate. The climate is generally hot and dry. Two main ethnic groups, Somali and Afar, live there and almost all people profess the Muslim faith. It's a republic and the head of state is a president. The economy is a weak development and people often go to other countries hoping to find a job. I was interested that people in Djibouti are mainly Muslim, to whom I never talked before. So I began to ask questions about this topic and discovered the huge, mysterious, and alien Islamic world. It seems to me religion has great importance for Kadra; it is her spiritual universe, it's like her second ?I?. It is strange that in the USA, with its furious rate of life, with its interlacing of nations, cultures, religions and as a result- a prevailing ideology of idealism, on the top of which is ?I? and ?myself?, Kadra continues to live in her closed Muslim world. I found many new things in her world and heard about the customs and laws ascribed to respect and help older people and parents. Muslims are not allow drinking alcohol, never using drugs and are faithful in marriage. I found that Islam allows getting divorced, if a man or woman doesn't love anymore. It changed my assumption about a woman in the Islamic world as a slave who carries her own cross to the end of her life. On the other hand, I have understood, or to be more specific, I felt how dangerous and awful is Islam. Since childhood Kadra has followed Muslim laws, gone to the Muslim school and known only this world because she lived among people who blindly submitted to Islam's canons. When I asked her how her world outlook has changed for the last two years and how she imagines her future life here, in the USA, I was shocked by her firmness to live further in the Muslim world and her confidence that nothing can change. At first it seems she, as do most of us, works, goes to college, and drives a car. From the outside she looks like everyone, nothing particular, but what acts in this young soul, as though the black darkness covers her. I had this feeling when he

A Handful of Dust essays

A Handful of Dust essays In Evelyn Waughs, A Handful of Dust, Tony Last exists as an aristocrat whose devotion to Victorian values and beliefs controls and dictates his life; leaving him blind to the unhappiness and boredom his wife, Brenda, experiences due to his primitive and outdated ways. Tonys obsession with the Victorian lifestyle only intensifies with his exposure to the material and transient qualities of the new, emerging society. The rapid development of this society shortens the existence of the Victorian lifestyle and seemingly leaves Tony as the last member of his beloved British society. Unwilling to conform and desperately clinging to his traditional ways, Tony creates his existence as an outsider; rejected and abandoned by society he seeks refuge and familiarity in Hetton. Ironically, it is Tony Lasts devotion and loyalty to the preservation of Hetton that lead to the ultimate destruction of his life. The emerging modern society transforms Victorian culture into a mere memory of the pas t, Tonys overwhelming devotion and loyalty to Hetton create the abandonment, solitude, and destruction he experiences throughout the duration of the novel. The marriage between Brenda and Tony suggests the extermination of Empire, the disillusion with the imperialist development that was intimidating in the modernist period. Tony Last lived his life with order. His loyalty and dedication to his estate was that of outstanding perseverance. But there was not a glazed brick or encaustic tile that was not dear to Tonys heart (13), he cherished every bit of that estate. His estate was entirely rebuilt in the gothic style and is now devoid of interest. He even named the bedrooms in their country estate after characters from the King Arthur stories, with the central clock tower, the dining hall with its hammer-beam roof and pitch-pine minstrels gallery; their bedrooms with their brass bedsteads, all of which the...

Fashion in Pop Culture Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Fashion in Pop Culture - Assignment Example The women also wore hip huggers; these were jeans that sat inches below the normal waistline. The jeans were known as dungarees and were usually amazingly tight. The ladies who sported them were fervent to decorate them with studs or embroidery. Some owners even bleached them to vary the color. Skirts and dresses in the ‘60s and ‘70s were in 3 lengths: the mini dress which barely reached the knee; the midi which reached between the ankle and the knee; and the maxi that reached the floor. All teenage girls wanted a mini dress like the one of Marcia Brady (Wertz 17).Young men admired the gleaming white 3-piece Saturday Night Fever suit of John Travolta (Classic70s). It looked fashionable as portrayed in the media. How Media Influenced Fashion in Pop Culture in the ‘80s There is no other fashion decade that has been more influenced by the media, particular movies, and TV than the 1980s. This decade was the MTV generation. Together with the twenty-four hour television broadcasting of music videos, TV shows including Bill Cosby Comedy Show, Miami Vice and Dynasty, and movies such as Pretty in Pink and Flashdance set the tone of fashion. This decade was also a period of decadence, and the mantra â€Å"the bigger, the better† that influenced hairstyles on a grand scale was prominent (Dziemianowicz). In conjunction with the above-mentioned influencers of the 1980s fashion, former Princess Diana’s love of fashion brought in a blood-thirst for designer clothing – Calvin Klein, Donna Karan, Perry Ellis and Nolan Miller became household names. Popular icons, such as Michael Jackson with his beaded glove, Madonna and Material Girl, were also major influencers. Image 7: Designer clothing such as Calvin Klein were well known in the ‘80s (Dziemianowicz). Image 8: Madonna and Princess Diana were major influencers of women and young girls globally in the ‘80s (Mazzulo). Glasses with plastic and large frames were very fashionable for both men and women during the decade. Image 9: Sylvester Stallone with ‘80s glasses that were in fashion (Hanckock) How Media Portrayed Fashion in Pop Culture in the ‘90s In the 1990s, fashion in pop culture started with a mix of preppie, grunge and hip hop. The media through the music industry, Hollywood, and television gr eatly influenced fashion in pop culture during this decade (Horton 23). The industry influences were so potent that ladies went for plastic surgeries for the Baywatch inspired boob job. Image 10: Trendy fashion in pop culture during the ‘90s (Wertz). Image 11: Mini dresses and skirts were popular among

Foreign Direct Investment and Its Impact on Economy and Ecological Essay

Foreign Direct Investment and Its Impact on Economy and Ecological Issues - Essay Example In addition to this, the review of this impact on economic state of affairs in developing countries also considers the negative and positive impacts of foreign direct investment. Apart from this, the report also discusses how foreign direct investment influences ecological and environmental issues and takes into consideration the particular kind(s) of foreign direct investment which gives rise to such ecological and environmental issues. Before going into details of these issues, it is pertinent to understand what foreign direct investment means (Fedderke and Romm; Chakraborty and Nunnenkamp). Foreign Direct Investment Foreign direct investment refers to the investment or investments made by a corporate entity or investment institution, which operates in one country, in another corporate entity or investment institution which operates or is based in another country. In other words, foreign direct investment is an investment which comes in a country from another country directly. It i s pertinent to distinguish between foreign direct investment and those investments which are indirect, as for instance, investments made by corporate entities from foreign countries in the equity of corporate entity or entities operating in the country. ... oreign direct investment has been regarded by a number of researchers in the past as having a positive impact on the economic development of countries, where such investment takes place. An instant evidence in this regard can be put forward as an example of Chinese economy; China has been reported by the United Nations as the largest receiver of foreign direct investment in the first 6 months period of previous year 2012. The total amount of foreign direct investment received by China in initial six months of year 2012 was $ 59.1 billion, which surpassed foreign direct investment received by United States in the same period by $ 1.7 billion. This information can be directly related with the unmatched economic development which has taken place in the past few decades in China (Reuters). Since after the end of World War 2, foreign direct investment has played an important role in generating significant amounts of financial support for the developing countries. However, the flow of fore ign direct investment halted after 1970 as there was an increase in the flow of investment from foreign countries in developing countries and the financial institutions particularly commercial lending institutions found their role as diminishing. However, after certain regulatory measures were taken by the bodies and respective authorities in the developing world, foreign direct investment was again allowed to gain momentum in the mid of 90s (Vo). Upon reviewing the theoretical propositions related to the impact of foreign direct investment on economic growth, it is found that there are differing views in this respect. According to the neo-liberal school of thought, foreign direct investment has a positive and direct relation with the economic development of a region. In light of this

The English Language Essay Example for Free

The English Language Essay Language is a constant. It is a component that will be forever intertwined into the fabrication of our global society. This multi-sensory means of communication, consists of not only the verbal and writing, but also touch, smell, sound, body, and gestural elements. As human beings are social animals, people have the instinct to communicate with others, to share our feelings and thoughts, and as a result, language development in each individual becomes an instinct (Pinker, 1994). Since language is the tool used for communication, Wittgenstein says, â€Å"The limits of my language are the limits of my world†. It is implied that people speak just one language and thus live in only one world, and if you are not capable of using the language, your world is narrowed. However, Einstein has an opposite opinion; he devalues the importance of language and says, â€Å"The words of a language as they are written and spoken do not seem to play any role in the mechanism of my thought.† It is widely believed believe that language is the bridge connecting individuals and the outside world; thus, it is a crucial element of human life. Language can be inextricably tied to identity, and it can also be disentangled. In Einstein’s quote, he says that the language of speech and writing doesn’t influence his thought, because the mechanism of his thought is extraordinary. As a widely recognized great scientist, his point might be that people should think something beyond what is already written, and also, â€Å"the sum of human wisdom is not contained in any one language, and no single language is CAPABLE of expressing all forms and degrees of human comprehension.† (Ezra Pound, The ABC of Reading). With language as your tool, you are capable of exploring other worlds. Wittgenstein’s statement failed to include the fact that there are worlds formed based on different languages. It is through such language that one is either included or excluded fro m social groups. Language pervades social life. It is the principal vehicle for the transmission of cultural knowledge, and the primary means by which we gain access to the contents of others minds. Language is implicated in most of the phenomena that lie at the core of social psychology: attitude change, social perception, personal identity, social interaction, intergroup bias and stereotyping, attribution, and so on. Just as language use pervades social life, the elements of social life constitute an intrinsic part of the way language is used. Linguists regard language as an abstract structure that exists independently of specific instances of usage (much as the calculus is a logico-mathematical structure that is independent of its application to concrete problems), but any communicative exchange is situated in a social context that constrains the linguistic forms participants use. How these participants define the social situation, their perceptions of what others know, think and believe, and the claims the make about their own and others identities will affect the form and content of their acts of speaking. For present purposes, it may be more helpful to think about language as a set of complex, organized systems that operate in concert. A particular act of speaking can be examined with respect to any of these systems (G. Miller, 1975), and each level of analysis can have significance for social behaviour. For example, languages are made up of four systems—the phonological, the morphological, the syntactic, and the semantic—which, taken together, constitute its grammar. Australia is often described as one of the ‘classical countries of immigration’. The concept of being a ‘nation of immigrants’ is at the centre of Australian identity. Australia is a unique country, and it has a long history of population growth due to immigration. Australia is a young country and has not fully developed. It is commonly called â€Å"The Land of Opportunity.† Such grammar can be exclusive to specific culture along with social purposes. Melbourne, for example, has many sub-cultures that combine to create the overwhelmingly diverse and generalized culture that defines the city as a whole. We are constantly influence through the language that other cultures have introduced into our traditional linguistics. The English Language has changed and shifted drastically form the Anglo-Saxon version to our current speech. Over time, linguistics from cultures such as French, Latin and Greek have evaded our traditional tongue, creating a new cultural identity; ever evolving and adapting to the modern world. In the modern world, human need to belong still influences language development and identity established through such language. People are proud of their accents, dialects, and languages. It is a mark of uniqueness and simultaneously a mark of belonging and excluding. People who live in different areas are proud to speak the way they do, because they are different from the rest, but are still part of a group. Whereas, accents and dialects are marks of belonging, and something that most people are proud of, language development has been influenced by less idealistic reasons. We can see how important language is in both the purpose of communication and widening the world of an individual; it is a way of knowing. If an individual is not capable of using a language, his world is limited yet it is reasonable to assume that the language used by most people is not always significant in mechanism of everybody’s thoughts, because somebody’s mind might work differently. Throughout history, human needs have affected their behaviour, how they lived, and how their language develops. Food, water, and a place to belong were some of the major needs to begin with, but as time went by, they were joined by other needs. Economic, political and scholarly needs also influence language development. The influence of human development and need will continue to effect language expansion, and will continue to as long as the world lasts.

A Look At Savage Garden :: essays research papers

Savage Garden is an Australian duo formed in 1994 by Daniel Jones and Darren Hayes. Daniel Jones, born on July 22, 1973 in Essex England moved to Brisbane, Australia as a young child, he plays keyboard, guitar, programming and sings back up. Darren came from a long line of musicians, so his love for music started when he was very young. When he was little, his brother had a drum set and when he went out, Daniel would sneak into his room and play then, he took piano lessons when he was seven. By the age of ten, he was playing the keyboard and drums in pubs and hotels. Daniel’s musical influences were, Peter Gabriel, XTC, and Tears For Fears. Darren was born May 8, 1972 in Brisbane, he is both the lead and back up singers. At a young age, he began showing alot of intrest of getting into entertainment by singing and acting around the house which led him to act in many school plays when he got into high school. After high school, Darren attended college, to study journalsim, Drama and education. His influences include, Prince, The Smiths, Fleetwood Mac, Marvin Gaye, Diana Ross, and Duran Duran. Both the guys are songwriters. Daniel was playing with another band called Red Edge, when he put an ad in a Brisbane music paper for a lead vocalist, Darren was studying to be a teacher when he decided he wanted to get into the music scene, he saw Daniel’s ad and responded, â€Å"We clicked imeadeatly†(Darren Hayes, SavageGarden biography) Darren joined the band and in 1994, He and Daniel decided they were tired of playing other people’s music so they left the band and devoted their time to writing and the band, Crush was formed. Darren and Daniel soon found out another Australian band also had that name so, they bought the name from them but, then they found another English band called Crush so they decided to call the band Savage Garden which was thought of by Darren, it was from an Anne Rice novel where â€Å"she describes the world as two levels, one as a very beautiful place but,in the other, underneath, we’re all savage beasts†(The conception of savage garden) in the other,Darren and Daniel so fired by self assurance, sent out over 150 demo tapes to record companies and management all over Australia. One by one they got rejected until John Woodruff heard their tape and thought they had a chance, he immediately flew to Brisbane to sign them to JWM, his record company. Their first self titled album was recorded in

Market Segmentation Essay

An organization cannot satisfy all the needs and wants of all the consumers. Therefore, Market is divided into different segments so an organization can focus on the needs and wants of the specific consumers who share similar needs and demonstrate similar buyer behavior. In the world, there are different types of buyers with their own needs and behavior. Segmentation is the process to match groups of the purchasers with same needs and wants. Market segmentation: The division of a market into different groups or the process of splitting customers in a market into different groups or segments, within which customers show similar buying behavior and share a similar level of interest in the same set of needs and wants satisfied by a marketer is called Market segmentation. Reasons for segmentation of market: The reason for segmenting a market is to allow your marketing program to focus only on the segment that is most likely to buy your offering. Market segmentation makes possible how to use marketing mix for different target markets. A company is then able to determine which groups of customers are best suited to serve and which product and service offers will meet the needs of the customers and will satisfy them. Therefore, the main objective of segmentation must be how to win and retain the customers you want to serve. If the segmentation process is done properly then it will insure the maximum return for your marketing and sales expenditures, depending on what you are selling and whether you are selling your offerings to individual consumers or a business. Levels of Market Segmentation †¢Segment Marketing †¢Individual Marketing †¢Niche Marketing †¢Local Marketing Segment Marketing: Dividing the market into different segments on the basis of homogenous need. Segmented on basis of broad similarity with regard to some attributes. Segmentation is also sometimes identifying, capturing & retaining potential new markets. Individual Marketing: Extreme marketing in which marketers focus on individual customers. Keep track of individual tastes & preferences of individual customers. Many companies are approaching individuals through e-mails to promote their products. Niche Marketing: Marketer’s effort to position their product or service in smaller markets that have similar attributes and have been neglected by other marketer. Segment further divided into sub segments to cater unsatisfied needs of small group is called as niche. Local Marketing: Marketers offer customized products to suit the local markets. McDonalds introduced â€Å"Muslimized† or â€Å"Arabic† products such as Big Mac, Halal Chicken, Mac Arabia, and more†¦ Variables to Segment the Market: There are a number of segmentation variables that allow an organization to divide their market into homogenous groups. These variables will be discussed briefly below: †¢Geographic †¢Demographic †¢Psychographic †¢Behavioral Geographic segmentation It is based on regional variables such as region, climate, population density, and population growth rate. Geographic segmentation divides markets into different geographical areas. Marketers use geographic segmentation because consumers in different parts of world vary in characteristics and behaviors. An area can be divided by the town, the region or the country. If you are an organization working on a global scale you may divide by global regions such as Europe, North America, South America, Asia and Africa. Example: McDonalds globally, sell burgers aimed at local markets, for example, They also offer vegetable burgers in India due to lots of vegetarians and burgers are made from lamb in India rather than beef because of religious issues also. In Mexico more chili sauce is added and so on. In Muslim countries halal food is offered. In Arabic countries Arabic food is offered like Mc Arabia. Demographic Segmentation It is based on variables such as age, gender, ethnicity, education, occupation, income, and family status. Demographics originate from the word ‘demography’ which means a ‘study of population’. The population can be divided into age, gender, income, and family lifecycle amongst other variables. As people age their needs and wants change, some organizations develop specific products aimed at particular age groups. Gender segmentation is commonly used within the cosmetics, clothing and magazine industry. Income segmentation is another strategy used by many organizations Products and services are also aimed at different lifecycle segments. Examples: ïÆ'ËœFor different age groups: Nappies for babies, toys for children, clothes for teenagers and so on. Introduction of Maxim, (www.maxim-magazine.co.uk)A male lifestyle magazine covering male fashion, films, cars, sports and technology. Psychographic Segmentation: oIt is based on variables such as values, attitudes, opinions, interests, personality and lifestyle. oIt is used highly in the hospitality industry oVALS (Values And Lifestyles) Principle Oriented- principles or beliefs rather than feelings, events, or desire for approval. Status Oriented- status or other people’s actions, approval, or opinions. ï‚ §Action Oriented- action prompted by a desire for social or physical activity, variety, and risk taking. Behavioral Segmentation: It is based on variables such as usage rate and patterns, price sensitivity, brand loyalty, and benefits sought. It refers to why people purchase a product or service. How will the product enhance their overall lifestyle? Occasion is another variable. When should a product be purchased? Occasion segmentation aims to increase the ‘reason to buy factor’ and thus increase sales. Usage rate divides customers into light, medium and heavy users. Heavy users obviously contribute more to turnover then light or medium users, the objective of an organization should be to attract heavy users who will make a greater contribution to company sales. It is based on benefits people seek when buying a product. It is based on Total satisfaction from a service rather than individual benefits. Examples: When someone is going out to dinner McDonalds and local restaurant will not come in the same breathe for choices of where to go. When purchasing a computer the benefit sought will be of ‘ease of use’. ïÆ'ËœThe demand for turkeys increases during Christmas, flowers and chocolates on mother’s day and so on.

How to Find the Birthplace of Your Immigrant Ancestor

Once youve traced your family tree back to the immigrant ancestor, determining his/her birthplace is the key to the next branch in your family tree. Knowing just the country isnt just enough - youll usually have to get down to the town or village level to successfully locate your ancestors records. While it seems a simple enough task, a town name isnt always easy to find. In many records, only the country or possibly county, state, or department of origin were recorded, but not the name of the actual  ancestral town or parish. Even when a place is listed, it may only be the nearby big city, because that was a more recognizable point of reference for people not familiar with the region. The only clue Ive ever found to my 3rd great-grandfathers city/town of origin in Germany, for example, is his tombstone that says he was born in Bremerhaven. But did he really come from the big port city of Bremerhaven? Or is that the port he emigrated from? Was he from a nearby small town, perhaps elsewhere in the city-state of Bremen, or the surrounding state of Niedersachsen (Lower Saxony)? To locate an immigrants town or village of origin you may have to gather clues from numerous sources. Step One: Take Off His Name Tag! Learn everything you can about your immigrant ancestor so that you will be able to identify him in relevant records, and distinguish him from others of the same name. This includes: The immigrants full name including her middle name or maiden name, if applicableA date of birth or the date of another event (marriage, immigration, etc.) with which you may be able to identify your ancestorA place of birth, even if it is just a country of origin for nowThe names of all identifiable relatives -- parents, spouse, siblings, aunts, uncles, grandparents, cousins, etc. Immigrants often traveled with relatives or went to join one who had previously emigrated. These names will also help you to identify your immigrants family in their country of origin.Any other information that may help identify your ancestor, including religion, occupation, friends, neighbors, etc. Dont forget to ask family members and even distant relatives about your ancestors birthplace. You never know who may have personal knowledge or relevant records in their possession. Step Two: Search National Level Indexes Once youve determined the country of origin, look for a national index to vital or civil registration records (births, deaths, marriages) or a national census or other enumeration for that country in the time period in which your ancestor was born (e.g. civil registration index for England Wales). If such an index exists, this might provide a shortcut to learning your ancestors place of birth. You must, however, have enough identifying information to recognize the immigrant, and many countries do not maintain vital records at the national level. Even if you do locate a particular candidate this way, you will still want to follow the other steps as well to verify that your same name individual in the old country is actually your ancestor. Step Three: Identify Records Which May Include the Place of Birth The next goal in your birthplace quest is to find a record or other source that tells you specifically where to start looking in your ancestors country of origin. While searching, it is important to remember that your ancestors last residence prior to emigration may not necessarily be their place of birth. Look at research already done by others. In many cases, other researchers have already found where the emigrant came from. This includes searching through published indexes and genealogies, local biographies and town histories, and databases of compiled records.Locate original records related to the immigrants death, such as death records, church records, obituaries, cemetery records, and probate records. Obituaries published in ethnic newspapers are the most likely to contain specific information such as a town of origin.Check both civil and church sources for a marriage record and records of the childrens births.Search other types of genealogical records which may reveal an ancestors town of origin, including census records, court records, newspapers, and land and property records.Immigration records such as passenger lists and naturalization records are another important source in the search for an immigrants town of birth. While it may seem a better place to start, you usually ne ed the information found in previous steps to enable you to locate immigration and naturalization records. In the United States, for example, census records may reveal whether an ancestor was naturalized. Search for these records in each place where the immigrant lived, for the complete time period when he or she lived there and for some time after his death. Be sure to investigate available records in all jurisdictions that may have kept records about him or her, including town, parish, county, state, and national authorities. Be thorough in your examination of each record, making note of all identifying details such as the immigrants occupation or the names of neighbors, godparents, and witnesses. Step Four: Cast a Wider Net Sometimes after researching all possible records, you will still be unable to find a record of the home town of your immigrant ancestor. In this case, continue the search in the records of identified family members -- brother, sister, father, mother, cousin, children, etc. -- to see if you can find a place name associated with them. For example, my great-grandfather emigrated to the United States from Poland but was never naturalized and left no records of his specific town of origin. The town in which they lived was identified, however, on the naturalization record of his eldest daughter (who was born in Poland). Tip!  Church baptismal records for children of immigrant parents are another resource that can be invaluable in a search for immigrant origins. Many immigrants settled in areas and attended churches with others of their same ethnic and geographic background, with a priest or minister who likely knew the family. Sometimes this means records likely to be more specific than just Germany in recording a place of origin. Step Five: Find it on a Map Identify and verify the place name on a map, something that is not always as easy as it sounds. Often you will find multiple places with the same name, or you may find that the town has changed jurisdictions or even disappeared. It is very important here to correlate with historical maps and other sources of information to be sure that you have identified the correct town.